Asthma exacerbation occurs when there is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms, leading to difficulty breathing and impaired lung function. This can be triggered by various factors such as exposure to allergens (e.g., pollen, pet dander), respiratory infections, irritants (e.g., smoke, air pollution), exercise, or stress. Symptoms of an asthma exacerbation often include wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and difficulty speaking in full sentences. Prompt intervention is crucial to prevent severe complications such as respiratory failure or even death. Treatment typically involves the use of bronchodilator medications (e.g., albuterol) to relax the airway muscles and corticosteroids to reduce airway inflammation. Oxygen therapy may be necessary in cases of severe respiratory distress.